departments and one territory. In July, Algerian League for the Defense of Human Rights (LADDH) and 15 representatives from other NGOs gathered at a hotel in Oran to discuss migration. Receive small business resources and advice about entrepreneurial info, home based business, names. The government monitored certain email and social media sites. 1974-06: Fifteen departments reorganized to form thirty-one. The Ministry of Religious Affairs required that couples present a government-issued marriage certificate before permitting imams to conduct religious marriage ceremonies. The law protects union members from discrimination or dismissal based on their union activities. Organizations wishing to initiate regular publications must obtain authorization from the government. Other migrants, asylum seekers, and Malians and Syrians who had a special status with the government, relied largely on remittances from family, the support of local family and acquaintances, and assistance from the Algerian Red Crescent and international aid organizations. The borders, except near the Mediterranean coast, The Labor Ministry employed one labor inspector per 12,000 workers for a total of 853 as of the end of 2017. Not until Algeria's civil war in the 1990s did the country again experience substantial outmigration. Birth registration: The mother or father may transmit citizenship and nationality. Arabic al-Jazairiya from capital city Algiers, which comes from Arabic al-jaza`ir: the islands, for four Webthe machine that won the war irony; Select Page. Paris: ditions Fernand Lanore, 1984. According to NADA, while there are fewer cases of reported kidnapping, instances of child abuse and exploitation have increased. Official assert that the law covers LGBTI individuals through general civil and human rights legislation. According to UNHCRs March report on Sahrawi refugees in Tindouf, the government protected a significant number of refugees in five camps in Tindouf and a smaller urban refugee population, primarily in Algiers. Authorities also use summonses to notify and require the accused and the victim to attend a court proceeding or hearing. were ill-defined. The law provides that foreigners may be required to furnish bail as a condition of release on provisional liberty status, while Algerian citizens may be released on provisional liberty without posting bail. The lower fertility rate was mainly the result of women's rising age at first marriage (virtually all Algerian children being born in wedlock) and to a lesser extent the wider use of contraceptives. Tamanghasset to Tamanrasset. On July 13, the Ministry of Justice removed a public prosecutor and his deputy from a court in Boudouaou for their alleged involvement in the legal proceedings following the discovery of 701 kilograms of cocaine in the port of Oran on May 29. 1983-12-15: Thirty-one departments re-organized to form 48 provinces (as shown in the first table). In most cases, the NGOs continued to hold their meetings and police came to the hotels to end the gatherings. El Watanreported that almost 10 percent of ballots cast were invalid. The law prohibits pretrial detention for crimes with maximum punishments of less than three years imprisonment, except for infractions that resulted in deaths or to persons considered a threat to public order. In these cases, the law limits pretrial detention to one month. St. Martin's Press, New York, 1981. Overuse of pretrial detention remained a problem. )other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. The law does not explicitly prohibit discrimination with respect to employment based on sexual orientation, HIV-positive status, or religion. Arabic (official), French (lingua franca), Berber or Tamazight (official); dialects include Kabyle Berber (Taqbaylit), Shawiya Berber (Tacawit), Mzab Berber, Tuareg Berber (Tamahaq)major-language sample(s): (Arabic)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. These organizations reported that migrant parents were often reluctant to enroll their children in Algerian schools due to language barriers or cultural differences. The law provides detainees the right to see an attorney for 30 minutes if the time in detention has been extended beyond the initial 48-hour period. During much Security services prevented the meeting from taking place in the absence of an official authorization. The attendees moved their meetings elsewhere and were followed by police who ordered them to disperse. The standard workweek was 40 hours, including one hour for lunch per day. President BOUTEFLIKA announced in fall 2017 that Algeria intends to develop its non-conventional energy resources. For example, some migrant parents allowed their children to be used by organized begging networks, and some families encouraged children to work in the informal sector. It appears that the -r- spelling is Sexual Exploitation of Children: The law prohibits solicitation for prostitution and stipulates prison sentences of between 10 and 20 years when the offense is committed against a minor under age 18. Subsequent reforms to the national electoral law introduced open list voting to curb corruption. LGBTI activists reported that the vague wording of laws criminalizing homosexual acts and acts against nature permitted sweeping accusations that resulted in multiple arrests for consensual same-sex sexual relations, but no known prosecutions during the year. ), number of registered air carriers: 3 (2020)inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 87annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 6,442,442 (2018)annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 28.28 million (2018) mt-km, total: 67over 3,047 m: 142,438 to 3,047 m: 271,524 to 2,437 m: 18914 to 1,523 m: 6under 914 m: 2 (2021), total: 822,438 to 3,047 m: 21,524 to 2,437 m: 16914 to 1,523 m: 36under 914 m: 28 (2021), 2,600 km condensate, 16,415 km gas, 3,447 km liquid petroleum gas, 7,036 km oil, 144 km refined products (2013), total: 104,000 km (2015)paved: 71,656 km (2015)unpaved: 32,344 km (2015), total: 114by type: bulk carrier 1, container ship 2, general cargo 11, oil tanker 11, other 89 (2021), major seaport(s): Algiers, Annaba, Arzew, Bejaia, Djendjene, Jijel, Mostaganem, Oran, SkikdaLNG terminal(s) (export): Arzew, Bethioua, Skikda, Algerian People's National Army (ANP): Land Forces, Naval Forces (includes Coast Guard), Air Forces, Territorial Air Defense Forces, Republican Guard (under ANP but responsible to the President), National Gendarmerie; Ministry of Interior: General Directorate of National Security (national police) (2022), 5.6% of GDP (2021 est. The ministry also issues and renews accreditation of foreign correspondents reporting in the country. A longtime FLN member, TEBBOUNE ran for president as an independent. Although specific data was unavailable, children reportedly worked mostly in the informal sales market, often in family businesses. Womens groups reported that the majority of reported cases of harassment occurred in the workplace. The government said that it maintained a policy of not removing migrants registered with UNHCR, and that in a few cases it worked with UNHCR to return registered refugees who were mistakenly removed. 1964: Name of Orlansville department changed to El Asnam. Ouled-Djellal arrondissement from Aumale department merged with Barika arrondissement of Stif department to become Barika Coordinator for the Arctic Region; Penalties for violations of the rights of union members range from fines of DZD 10,000-50,000 ($85-$425) for first offenses or DZD 50,000-100,000 ($425-$850) and 30 days-six months in prison for repeat offenses. Of the daily printed publications, the ministry stated six were state-operated. )agricultural: 6.671 billion cubic meters (2017 est. II, United Nations, New Few businesses abided by the law requiring that they reserve 1 percent of jobs for persons with disabilities. )$10,800 (2020 est. The General Directorate of National Security (DGSN) stated that it received 131 complaints of violence or threats by officers and conducted 163 investigations into those threats. However, the French language has continued to occupy an The capital city of a baladiyah, Freedom of Association and the Right to Collective Bargaining, b. New FIPS which in turn were subdivided into communes. Authorities arrested Fekhar in 2015 and held him for 22 months without a trial. The ministry did not renew the accreditations of the NGOs SOS Disparus (SOS Disappeared), Djazairouna, the LADDH, the National Association for the Fight Against Corruption, and the Youth Action Movement, all of which submitted their renewal applications in prior years. The government said that a drop in aid from international donors led to worsening conditions for Sahrawi refugees, and that it had increased its own contributions as a result. The government used specific facilities for prisoners age 27 and younger. )male: 41.3% (2020 est. Algeria is a multiparty republic whose president, the head of state, is elected by popular vote for a five-year term. ), 27.5% of GDP (2017 est. See the Department of StatesTrafficking in Persons Reportatwww.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/. Community members said that obtaining legal assistance was also a challenge due to similar discrimination. The May 2017 elections for the lower chamber of parliament did not result in significant changes in the composition of the government. Corruption: The criminal code stipulates that only the board of directors of the institution concerned may initiate charges related to theft, embezzlement, or loss of public and private funds against senior, public sector economic managers. Critics of the law asserted that by permitting only senior officials of state businesses to initiate investigations, the law protects high-level government corruption and promotes impunity. There were no significant reports regarding prison or detention center conditions that raised human rights concerns. 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